- Procedure Time
4-5 hours - Overnight stay
4-5 nights - Anaesthesia
General - Recovery Time
3 months
Diabetes occurs as a result of genetic predisposition, constantly disturbed eating habits and a sedentary life. While sugar-based foods taken into the body are transferred to the cells to produce energy, this process cannot be carried out after the development of diabetes. Various methods are followed in the treatment of diabetes, which can be explained as the ineffectiveness of the insulin hormone, which opens the cell doors, although it is secreted more or less. While these methods are changing the lifestyle at the first stage, they turn to drug therapy after a while. The progressive character of the disease requires measures to be taken according to the condition of the disease. Diabetes is not just a simple disease that affects the body's energy mechanism. The disease also causes the emergence of other metabolic diseases. Vascular damage, blood pressure problems, weight problems and cholesterol problems are the main metabolic problems. Diabetes surgeries are applied to suitable patients for the treatment of diabetes, which is becoming more and more complex. Although surgeries are divided into more than one sub-type, ileal interposition surgery is one of these types.
What is Ileal Interposition?
Oral foods must pass through the digestive system in order to be mixed with the blood. Mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines and anus are the basic elements of this system. Each region has its own tasks and they work as a whole. It is the task of the mouth to roughly break the food ingested, the stomach to turn it into a liquid with a consistency that can be digested by the intestines. While the intestines ensure that the nutrients taken are mixed with the blood, it also stimulates the hormones necessary for the effective use of these nutrients. The amount of sugar to be taken into the body affects the amount of food consumption. The volume of the stomach and some special hormones secreted by the stomach determine the food consumption. The lower part of the intestines is the region that stimulates hormone secretion, while the upper part is the region that suppresses the hormone insulin. In other words, while the digestive system works in harmony in a healthy person, there is always a problem depending on nutritional habits and genetic predisposition. Ileal interposition surgeries also aim to eliminate diabetes by changing the physical structure of the digestive system.
Ileal interposition surgery can only be applied to type 2 diabetes patients. The main reason for this is that type 2 diabetes patients have sufficient insulin production capacity.
It is expected that patients who will undergo ileal interposition surgery have tried non-surgical methods but failed. Thus, the process after the surgery is guaranteed.
Certain body mass index conditions are important in patients who will undergo ileal interposition surgery. If the person has a body mass index exceeding thirty-five, bariatric surgery should deal with the situation.
After the basic conditions for the operation are met, the patient is examined in detail. Surgery is applied to people who can handle the surgery and whose tissue damage, if any, can be removed. In other words, there is no such thing as standard application of ileal interposition surgery to every patient. Although it varies from patient to patient, the operation usually takes between two and four hours. In the operation performed under general anesthesia, the patient does not feel pain or pain.
How is it performed?
At the beginning of the operation, the volume of the stomach is first reduced. The aim is to suppress the person's appetite after the operation. In general, ninety percent of the stomach is rendered dysfunctional. Since the disabled part is also the part that stimulates the secretion of hunger hormone, the person does not want to consume food after ileal interposition surgery. The remaining stomach part is attached with special staples.
In the second stage, the connection between the duodenum and the stomach is cut. The lower end of the stomach is repositioned to the middle of the abdomen. The part taken from the lower part of the intestines and stimulates the secretion of insulin hormone is transferred to the upper part as the new connection of the stomach and intestine. The aim is to start the secretion of insulin hormone effectively immediately after feeding. Although it is a very simple operation in terms of logic, it requires serious expertise in the application phase. The aim is to both break insulin resistance and lose weight by changing the amount of hormone secretions.
Ileal Interposition Risks and Side Effects
In terms of surgery, Ileal Interposition has limited risks. The fact that it is applied to advanced diabetes patients reveals various risks related to surgery. There are also risks arising from the anesthesia method, but thanks to today's modern technology minimizes the related risks.
What should be considered before and after Ileal Interposition?
The surgery is a process of 4 to 5 hours. During the operation, there is no pain or feeling of pain during anesthesia. The success rate in these surgeries is high. It is as important as the post-operative period before the surgery. Maintaining physical health during this period is the important part. And it is important to enter the surgery fit and stress-free. Drug use, alcohol and cigarette consumption should be avoided. ll examinations must be done before the operation period. Thus, the operation will continue in a much more planned and healthy way. The process begins with the decision of ileal interposition treatment, which is a solution for type 2 diabetes patients. During this process, the patient's suitability for this surgery is determined.